Latest Calcutta University B.A. LL.B Syllabus 4th Semester

 

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FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper I 

Political Science IV 

(Political Evolution of Indian Constitution) 

[Full Marks 100 out of which 80 marks shall be for the written End Semester Examination and 20 marks for internal assessment] 

1. The Legislative authority of the East India Company under the Charter of Queen Elizabeth 1600- Charter Act of 1726-Changes under the Regulating Act,1773- Adalat Systems and development of Judicial Institutions under the Plan of 1774-Act of Settlement 1781- Recognition of Powers of the Governor and Council to make regulations by the British Parliament. 

2. Charter Act of 1813 and Extension of the Legislative Power- Charter Act,1833- Establishment of a Legislature of an All India Charter in 1834- Government of India Act,1856. 

3. Indian Councils Act, 1861- Legislative Council and Composition, powers and functionsPowers conferred on the Governor. 

4. Government of India Act,1909- Government of India Act,1919- Setting up a bicameral system of legislature at the Centre in the place of the imperial council, consisting of one house. 

5. Government of India Act,1935- Proposed All India Federation, Dyarchy at the Centre, Federal Legislature, Provincial Autonomy, Federal Assembly and Council of States, its composition, power and functions- Legislative Assemblies in the provinces and powers and functionsJudicial Reforms, Dual Judicial System-Conflicts. The India Independence Act, 1947. 

6. Framing of the Constitution of India- Role of Constituent Assembly. 

7. Salient Features of the Indian Constitution, Election Commission and Electoral Process, Local Self-Governance with Special Reference to West Bengal. 

Books Recommended:

D. D. Basu Constitutional Law of India. V.D.Kulshrestha- Land marks in Indian Legal and Constitutional History M.P.Jain- Outlines of Indian Legal History S.K.Puri- Indian Legal and Constitutional History Jennings- Some Characteristics of the IndianConstituion R.L.Hadgrave- India: Government and Politics in a Developing Nation S Bhatnagar Rural Local Government in India.

Paper II 

Economics II 

(Economic Theory II) 

[Full Marks 100 out of which 80 marks shall be for the written End Semester Examination and 20 marks for internal assessment] 

1. Market: Perfect Competition, Monopoly: Features and Equilibrium output and Price determination. 

2. Input Market: Labour Market and Liquidity Preference Theory, Profit. 

3. Public Finance I: Public finance vs Private finance, Sources of Government Revenue, Types of Taxes: Direct & Indirect Tax; Progressive, Regressive and Proportional Tax, Principles of Taxation: Benefit and Ability to pay Approach, Public Expenditure. 

4. Public Finance II: Public Debt and burden of Public Debt, Government Budget, Federal Finance, Fiscal Policy. 

5. International Trade: Difference between Internal trade and International trade, Concept of Absolute Advantage and Comparative advantage, Gains from trade, Free trade and Protection, Concepts of Tariff and Quota, Basic ideas about Trade Liberalization, Bilateral Trade Agreements, Regional Trade Agreements. 

6. Balance of Payments and Exchange Rate: Concepts of BOP, BOT, Current Account, Capital Account, Autonomous and Accommodating Transactions, Causes and Solutions of BOP disequilibrium, Basic concepts of Exchange rates. 

7. Basic Concepts of Development: Growth and Development, Broad indicators of development, -Per Capita Income, Inequality, Poverty and Gini Coefficient, Unemployment, Gender Inequality; Human Development Index. 

8. Theories of Economic Development with reference to Indian Economy: Vicious circle of Poverty, low level equilibrium trap and Critical Minimum Effort thesis, balanced growth and unbalanced Growth. 

Books Recommended: 

Joydeb Sarkhel - Microeconomic Theory and Macroeconomic Theory Debes Mukherjee– Essentials of Micro and Macroeconomics, New Central Book Agency. Todaro and Smith – Economic Development, Pearson Education. A.N. Agarwala and S. P. Singh- Economics of Underdevelopment, Oxford. K.K. Dewett - Modern Economic Theory Hal Varian -Intermediate Microeconomics, Norton and Co H. L. Ahuja - Modern Economics.

Paper III 

Constitutional Law I 

[Full Marks 100 out of which 80 marks shall be for the written End Semester Examination and 20 marks for internal assessment] 

1. Preamble–its significance and importance. 

2. The Union and its territory (Articles 1-4) and Citizenship (Articles 5-11). 

3. Fundamental rights (Articles 12-35) and Significance of Fundamental Rights. 

4. Definition of State (Article 12), Definition of law (Article 13) – Doctrine of Judicial review, Doctrine of Severability, Doctrine of Eclipse, Waiver of Fundamental Rights. 

5. Right to Equality (Articles 14-18) and non-discrimination, right to protective discrimination, doctrine of classification. 

6. Right to freedom (Articles 19-22), freedom of speech and expression, right to life. 

7. Right against exploitation(Articles 23 and 24). 

8. Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28). 

9. Cultural and Educational Rights(Articles 29-30). 

10. Right to constitutional remedies (Articles 32-35). 

11. Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36-51) and Their Legal Implications, Relation between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy. 

12. Present Position of Right to Property (Article 300A). 

13. Fundamental Duties (Article 51A). 

14. Amendment of the Constitution (Article 368)–Theory of basic structure. The above issues are to be studied with special reference to the Constitution of India and relevant case laws on the subject. 

Books Recommended: 

V. N. Shukla–Constitution of India. D. D. Basu- Shorter Constitution of India. M. P. Jain –Constitution of India. H. M. Seervai-Constitution of India. K. C. Wheare– Modern Constitution. Granvile Austin– Indian Constitution: The Corner Stone of a Nation.

Paper IV 

Law of Crimes I (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) 

[Full Marks 100 out of which 80 marks shall be for the written End Semester Examination and 20 marks for internal assessment] 

1. Concept of Offence: Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea. 

2. Introduction to criminal law, jurisdiction, and Punishments. 

3. General explanations and general Exceptions. 

4. Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy and Attempt. 

5. Offences against Women and Children. 

6. Offences affecting the Human Body. 

7. Offences against the State. 

8. Offences Relating to Elections. 

9. Offences against the Public Tranquillity. 

10. Offences By or Relating to Public Servants. 

11. False Evidence and Offences against Public Justice. 

12. Offences Affecting the Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency and Morals. 

13. Offences Relating to Religion and Property. 

14. Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation. The above issues are to be studied with special reference to the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, and relevant case laws on the subject.

Books Recommended: 

Kenny - Outlines of Criminal Law Nelson - Indian Penal Code Nigam - Law of Crimes Achuthan Pillai - Law of Crimes H. S. Gour- Indian Penal Code Rattan Lal - Indian Penal Code K. D. Gaur - Cases and Materials in Criminal Law P. S.A. Pillai – Criminal Law.

Paper V 

Land Laws including Ceiling and Other Local Laws 

[Full Marks 100 out of which 80 marks shall be for the written End Semester Examination and 20 marks for internal assessment] 

The land laws including Ceiling and Other Local Laws, are to be studied with special reference to the West Bengal Land Reforms Act 1995, the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act 1997, the West Bengal Apartment Ownership Act 1972, and relevant case laws on the subject. 

Books Recommended: 

M. R. Mallick, The West Bengal Land Reforms Act 1955 with the West Bengal Rules 1965. A. N. Saha, The West Bengal Land Reforms Act 1955 with the West Bengal Land Reforms (Amendment) Act 1981. A. N. Saha, The Premises Tenancy Act 1956 with Rules. S. K. Sen, The West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act 1956. M. R. Mallick, The West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act.

Source - Official Calcutta University Website